Beyond Outward Worship: Striving for Perfection
Imam al-Ghazali states that fulfilling bodily needs (such as hands, eyes, ears, etc.) in this world is a necessity; however, he emphasizes that true salvation is possible only through inner purification and spiritual maturity beyond these external factors. To become a perfect human being, it is not enough to meet bodily needs; it is also essential to cleanse the heart, discipline the nafs (self), and constantly engage in repentance. For outward acts of worship alone cannot fill the inner void and hinder a person’s attainment of their true purpose.
The Prophet’s Warnings: The Sacrifice of Worldly Comfort
al-Ghazali takes the life of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as an example. The Prophet distanced himself from worldly pleasures, even enduring the simplest conditions for sleep, in order to progress on the path to the Hereafter. As seen in the story of the stone narrated in Surat al-Isra, even attachment to worldly comfort can be a step in disciplining the nafs. Similarly, the story of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) abandoning his clothes and belongings shows that living a dervish life, severing ties with the world, is a prerequisite for reaching the secrets of the heart. These examples clearly demonstrate how worldly things can deceive humans and hinder spiritual development.
Repentance: An Opportunity to Start Anew Every Moment
The story of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) drinking milk highlights the importance of repenting immediately after mistakes, whether intentional or unintentional. According to al-Ghazali, every breath is an opportunity and it is never too late to turn away from past errors. Even in the smallest faults, sincere repentance is possible; however, this repentance must be supported by actions as well. The advice of Suleiman ad-Daraani, “A sensible person weeps for days wasted in frivolity and without worship,” reminds us of the need to value our lives and dedicate every moment to faith; for life is an irreplaceable treasure.
The Danger of Negligence: Awakening with Death
al-Ghazali warns that negligence leads people to ignorance and that regrets made after death will be useless. The painful news brought by the angel of death in the last breath allows a person to see their mistakes in this world; but repentance done at that time is more than a belated effort. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly examine oneself, awaken from the sleep of negligence, and renew repentance every moment while still in this world. Because worldly life is a rehearsal for the journey to the Hereafter, and we must be constantly striving to succeed in this test.