ÜÇÜNCÜ FASIL · Birinci Madde
**Article One: Concerning the Branches and Benefits of the *Bāb* (Portal) Vein Originating from the Liver**
Beloved! Know that anatomical scholars have stated: All veins originate from the liver. From the liver, two vessels first emerge; one from its concave portion, whose primary benefit is to draw nourishment from the stomach to the liver. This vessel has gained renown among medical practitioners as the *Bāb* (portal) vein. The second vessel emerges from the convex surface of the liver, and its principal benefit is to distribute sustenance from the liver to other organs. It is called the *Ecvef*.
The portion of the portal vein that enters the hepatic cavity first divides into five parts [134/a], and upon reaching the outer concave surface of the liver, it branches out. One branch extends to the gallbladder, and its branches spread throughout the inner surface of the liver like the underground roots of a tree. The portion of the *Bāb* (portal) vein adjacent to the depth of the liver divides into eight parts when it separates from it; two are small and six are large. One of the two smaller portions reaches the intestine known as the duodenum, drawing nourishment from it. Branches then emerge from it, distributing themselves to the body called the pancreas. The second portion descends to the lower part of the stomach, spreading within its lower orifice in the valvular region, from which it draws and receives sustenance.
One of the six aforementioned vessels reaches the outer surface of the stomach, from which the outer surface derives its nourishment. For the interior of the stomach is nourished by what is contained within itself. The second of the six vessels reaches the spleen, from which the spleen obtains its nourishment. Before reaching the spleen, branches emerge from it to reach the pancreas, providing it with sustenance. After arriving at the spleen, a branch returns and spreads on the left side of the stomach, so that the left side of the stomach receives its nourishment from it. When the branch entering the spleen divides into two sections after entering it—one ascending and one descending—the ascending portion divides into two; one part produces branches in the upper half of the spleen, through which that half is nourished. The second part extends outwards, reaching the apex of the convex surface of the stomach, where it divides into two: one spreads to the outer left side of the stomach, from which that side receives its nourishment; and another distributes itself to the mouth of the stomach, carrying a portion of black bile (melanin) to the stomach. It stimulates by encircling the mouth of the stomach, rousing and increasing the appetite of the stomach.
The descending portion of the branch supporting the spleen also divides into two. One’s branches spread to the lower half of the spleen, from which that half receives its nourishment. The second part emerges from its internal fat and spreads within it, through which it receives sustenance. The third of the six portions reaches the left side and spreads within the fine channels of the vessels surrounding the “straight intestines,” drawing nourishment from what is found in the lower portion of the organ. The fourth of the six portions divides into numerous branches like hairs; some are distributed on the outer right side of the stomach, corresponding to the part that reaches the left side of the stomach, and others extend towards the right side of the internal fat, corresponding to the branches of the splenic vein and the portion coming from the left side of the stomach to its right. The fifth of the six portions spreads into the fine vessels surrounding the large intestine, drawing nourishment from them. The majority of the sixth portion spreads around, with a part attached to the fine fibers, from which they receive sustenance.
“We glorify Allah, who created creation and provides abundant provision, expressing His majesty with glory and His power with perfection, free from all imperfection.” [1]