BEŞİNCİ BÂB · BİRİNCİ FASIL · İkinci Madde
**Article Two**
This elucidates the method of likening the human world to the greater world, and certain of its organs to the earth.
O esteemed one! It must be known that the gnostics have said: The human body is the lesser world ( *‘ālam-i asghar*), and the soul is the greater world (*‘ālam-i ekbar*). For everything created in the world has its exemplar within the human form. The body and soul of humankind are a copy of the entire world, so that both worlds exist entirely and manifestly within a single person. For example, all sensed, inanimate beings (*jamādāt*) are like the organs of the human body. The animal kingdom is like the dispositions of humankind. The four seasons are like the teeth. Order and arrangement with numbers are like the senses and faculties. The world of the unseen (*‘ālam-i barzakh*) is like the thoughts, ideas, and memories of a person. The world of the angelic realm (*‘ālam-i malakūt*) is like the life and heart of a person. These resemblances have no end; they could not be contained even in hundreds of books. Rather, they fit within the heart of an enlightened servant of God. In this station, we can only offer an explanation like a speck from the sun or a drop from the ocean. So that it may be understood that humankind is the greater world (*‘ālam-i ekbar*), serving as evidence for self-knowledge (*ma’rifat-i nafs*) and facilitating those who seek to know God. Indeed, the human body, which is a summary of the world, is equivalent in value to the earth and the heavens – that is, this world. It is equal to a moon and a year—that is, time. [147/b] Countries and settlements are like places.
The resemblance of the human body to the earth is as follows: Just as there are mountains on the earth, so too are there bones in the body. Just as there are trees and plants on the earth, so too are there hair, head, and organs in the body. Another resemblance is that just as there are different regions on the earth, so too are there different organs in the body. Just as there are earthquakes on the earth, so too are there tremors, echoes, and sneezes in the body. Just as there are rivers flowing in streams and valleys on the earth, so too is there blood flowing within the veins of the body. Just as there are various qualities of water sources and drinking water sources on the earth, so too are there bitter ear fluids, salty eye fluids, unpleasant nose secretions, and sweet mouth fluids in the body. The wisdom behind the bitterness of earwax is that when an insect attempts to enter a sleeping person’s ear, it may be repelled by the bitterness of the ear fluid and return, preventing it from harming the sleeper. The saltiness of the eye's water comes from the eyeball oil; for if the oil were without salt, it would spoil. The waters of the eyes are salty so that the pupil remains fresh and illuminated at all times. The mucus in the nose is unpleasant because the sense of smell within it finds pleasure by being affected by pleasant scents—for things are known through their opposites. The pleasantness of mouth fluids is due to the constant ability of the taste faculty on the tongue to find delight.
The divine wisdoms found within the human body are limitless. In this station, only an attempt has been made to compare and liken the two worlds to one another. Just as entities in the external world are exemplified by the organs in the inner world (*‘ālam-i insan*).
**Rubai**
O copy of divine mysteries, you are radiant!
O mirror of royal beauty, you are radiant!
Nothing that exists in the world is outside of you.
Seek what you desire from yourself; it is precisely you!