İKİNCİ FEN · DÖRDÜNCÜ BAB · İKİNCİ FASIL · Beşinci Madde
**Article Five**
[Concerns] the arteries descending to the thigh, calf, and foot regions.
O esteemed one! It is known that anatomists have stated: Each of the two portions descending to the legs becomes a major trunk, consisting of two branches – one medial and one lateral. One branch is known as external, and the other as internal. It sends branches to the muscles of the thigh. Then, descending to the calves, it sends branches to the muscles there. Subsequently, it descends to the foot, progressing with its main trunk between the thumb and forefinger. The remaining branches enter various parts of the foot, passing beneath the veins that will be explained below, and reaching the other fingers. The arteries – which are the vessels of life – we are describing sometimes accompany other vessels, like a branch of the artery penetrating the fifth vertebra, like branches of the vessel rising towards the shoulder, like branches of the vessel inclining toward the armpit, like *sebâbeteyn* and the womb (*meşîme*) which are separated within the network, like branches of the vessels reaching the diaphragm, like a vessel entering the shoulder with a single branch; like arteries descending to the stomach, liver, spleen, intestines, like the artery descending as one from the abdomen to the coccyx, like arteries that remain separate and do not accompany other arteries within internal organs. The other arteries in external organs are concealed beneath the vessels to protect against pulsation, and the veins serve as a shield for these arteries.
The veins called the aorta – which are the blood vessels – have become closely associated with these arteries (vessels of life) for two benefits: Firstly, the organs that touch them benefit from both the vein (aorta) and life by being attached to it with a bright membrane. Secondly, the arteries and veins draw life and vitality from each other. Such are the vital vessels arranged within the human body, which have been described in this manner. All of these reach a total of two hundred arteries. God, the Most High, who created humankind in the most beautiful form, is free from all imperfection. We possess no movement, power, or strength on our own. Power and might belong only to the Exalted God. O Lord! Make us among Your knowing servants who perceive the truths that point to Your power and act upon their knowledge.
God, the Most High, who created humankind in the most beautiful form, is free from all imperfection. We possess no movement, power, or strength on our own. Power and might belong only to the Exalted God. O Lord! Make us among Your knowing servants who perceive the truths that point to Your power and act upon their knowledge.
[590] *Verîd-i ecvef*: Vena kava, veine-cave (from the Ottoman Medical Terminology Dictionary, p. 328).
[591] “Glory be to Him whose beauty of artistry causes the intellects to marvel; glory be to Him who fashioned humankind in the most perfect form without fault, from among whom are men and women; glory be to Him who is free from deficiency, forgetfulness, and slackness.”
*Verîd-i ecvef*: Vena kava, veine-cave (from the Ottoman Medical Terminology Dictionary, p. 328).
[591] “Glory be to Him whose beauty of artistry causes the intellects to marvel; glory be to Him who fashioned humankind in the most perfect form without fault, from among whom are men and women; glory be to Him who is free from deficiency, forgetfulness, and slackness.”
Because the lung receives nourishment from the heart. The origin of this vessel is from the thinner portion of the heart and from a place affecting the pulmonary vessels. This vessel consists of only one layer, unlike other vessels, so that its expansion and contraction (contraction) may be soft and easy; so that when the thin blood appropriate to the lung seeps from the heart into the lung, it finds ease in that seepage. Just as it is necessary for the blood flowing within the *verîd-i ecvef* (the main vein) to be overly cooked, so too should it be in this case. Especially its location has been brought close to the heart, so that the force facilitating the cooking process by warmth may easily reach the fire.
“Glory be to Him whose beauty of artistry causes the intellects to marvel; glory be to Him who fashioned humankind in the most perfect form without fault, from among whom are men and women; glory be to Him who is free from deficiency, forgetfulness, and slackness.”