ÜÇÜNCÜ FEN · BİRİNCİ BAB · BİRİNCİ FASIL · Dördüncü Madde
Fourth Article
This concerns correcting the heart’s belief and acting in accordance with the Ahl al-Sunna wa'l-Jama'a.
O beloved! Know that the creed of the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) blessed companions, those who followed them (the Tabi'un), the leaders of the religious path, and the righteous predecessors is explained in the following verse:
Verse:
1- God, my Lord, my Prophet, is undoubtedly Muhammad, the Messenger of God.
Islam is my religion, and the Book is the Word of God. [128]
2- Within beliefs, the Ahl al-Sunna constitutes my school, collectively;
In practice, the Hanafi school is my school, by God.
3- I am also a descendant of Adam’s progeny, and the Prophet's;
My direction (qibla) is also the Ka'ba, House of God.
4- There is no contradiction or opposition to my Lord in this universe;
And He is transcendent from attributes, sanctified be He, Exalted!
5- He has no partner, He is free from need; eternally existing, without giving birth or being born,
He is present, without a void, reciting the remembrance of God with sincerity.
6- Neither body nor properties, neither form nor essence;
He does not eat, drink, nor does time pass, He is transcendent of all – God.
7- He is also free from change, transformation, colors, and forms;
It is certainly His negative attributes, this is the attribute of negation.
8- Neither in the heavens nor on earth, neither right nor left, nor forward direction;
He is transcendent from directions, for there is no place – God’s domain.
9- God exists, a saint exists, to nonexistence, beginning or end;
Indeed, His existence is only from Himself – by God.
10- When this universe did not exist, He was; unique, solitary, and alone;
He is not in need of anyone, and everyone else is in need of Him – God. [179/b]
11- No event occurs to me, nor does anything become obligatory;
Every action contains His wisdom; He does not perform futile acts – God.
12- That Essence does not descend to a servant or any being, and does not commit injustice;
The rectification of the servants is not necessary, for God creates them.
13- No one can accomplish an act by force;
Nor do they pursue their own desires; it comes into existence by God.
14- Every one of His perfections has come to pass without change;
There is no perfection that needs to be awaited – God’s perfection.
15- He is eternally characterized by His perfect attributes;
All deficient attributes are absent from the Majestic – God.
16- There are eight, as for the essential attributes: knowledge and will;
Life, power, creation, sight, hearing, and speech – God's.
17- He is all-knowing, and no one’s intellect reaches His knowledge;
His knowledge encompasses all things – God’s knowledge.
18- He is the desirer, the seeker, and is powerful over everything;
Whatever He desires comes into being, upon fulfilling His will – God.
19- He desires all good and evil through decree, creating them;
But he loves only good and hates evil – God.
20- He is the All-Seeing in truth, observing all things;
Yet He is transcendent from sight, He is All-Seeing among God’s attributes.
21- He is the All-Hearing, hearing every sound with secrecy and openly;
He is transcendent from ears, that attribute is within Him – God's Hearing.
22- He is the Speaker, yet free from a tongue or mouth;
Not through letters, words, or sounds – this is the description of God’s Speech.
23- The attributes of affirmation are neither essential nor external;
His essence and attributes are eternal, abiding, and established – God's attributes.
24- The angels are honored servants of God, in the heavens and on earth;
He has made them superior to the common people – God.
25- There is no male or female; there is no eating or drinking;
They never disobey God, they are obedient to God’s command.
26- And Gabriel, Michael, Israfil, and Azrael;
These four are close (to God), messengers of God.
27- God has one hundred and four books that have descended upon the prophets;
Four of them are scriptures, a hundred verses are the Word of God.
28- He gave Psalms to David, and the Torah to Moses;
And he brought the Gospel to Jesus – by God.
29- To Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), He brought the Quran as needed;
Twenty-three years were completed, and revelation was cut off – God’s revelation.
30- I also know about the prophets: innocence, tribulation,
Purity, trustworthiness, sincerity, and conveying God's judgment.
31- Free from sin, folly, falsehood, concealment, and treachery;
All the prophets are free – God’s prophets.
32- Some say that knowing the names of the prophets is obligatory;
Twenty-eight were mentioned in the Quran by God.
33- One is Adam, one is Idris, Noah, Hud, and Salih;
And Abraham, Isaac, and Ishmael – praised be God.
34- And Jacob, Joseph, Shu'ayb, Lot, Yahya,
Zechariah, and Aaron, brother of Moses – the Speaker with God.
35- And David, Solomon, and Elias, and Job;
One is Elyasa', and one is Jesus – the Spirit of God.
36- One’s name is Zulqifl, and one is Jonah, the prophet;
The seal of the prophets is Muhammad – the Messenger of God.
37- Uzayr, Lokman, and Zulkarneyn; there is disagreement among them;
Some say they are prophets, and some say they are saints – God’s saints.
38- The first of all the prophets is Adam;
Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is superior to everyone – God's Messenger.
39- Many prophets have come between the two;
No one knows their number, except for God alone.
40- The mission of the messengers cannot be invalidated;
The prophets are superior to all angels – God’s prophets.
41- Our Prophet’s legal rulings are so enduring;
That with this law, God will settle the people of Judgment Day.
42- And the Prophet's ascension is true, in His essence it is unique;
He ascended beyond the heavens and saw God – the Messenger of God.
43- The entire universe, all aspects, and attributes;
And all acts of servants, both good and evil – are creation of God. [180/a]
44- Through His knowledge, will, creation, and decree, everything comes into being;
There is no Creator and Originator other than God in the two worlds.
45- Servants have free choice in their actions to a limited extent;
They find reward for those actions and acceptance from God.
46- All of these actions are beautiful through God’s love and pleasure;
Nothing but love and pleasure is found in the ugly – God's pleasure.
47- The reward is most generous, and His justice is acceptance;
The obligatory becomes obligatory without obligation from the servant – God.
48- This action is closely related to power, for that is power;
If ability is present, then a command is imposed by God’s law.
49- For the servant, nothing is beyond his capacity;
He has not been commanded in religion – the Most Merciful God.
50- Forbidden foods are what everyone eats of their sustenance;
And no one can take another's sustenance – by God.
51- Death comes at its appointed time; the deceased and death are one;
Despair is not acceptable in faith – before God.
52- There is no primordial matter, it is true that a part exists within the essence;
It is free from this attribute of division – according to God’s people.
53- The dead are questioned by four things: Who is your Lord? Who is your Prophet? What is your religion? And what is your direction (qibla)?
54. The one who answers brings pleasure to his body with his soul.
Among them, the disbelievers and transgressors draw God’s torment.
55. Those born into this world depart, no living being remains.
Even on the Day of Resurrection, God will resurrect the dead.
56. Each person's record of deeds is delivered to them in that place.
Some receive it with their right hand, others with their left, by God’s leave.
57. There is a Book and an accounting with God on the Day of Judgment.
They will question everyone about their actions and words, by God's command.
58. On that day, intercession will be for those worthy of great sins and minor offenses.
The prophets, people of knowledge, and the friends of God will offer it.
59. When our deeds are weighed, crossing the Bridge is right.
And God will give believers paradise and eight rivers.
60. Believers will enter paradise, finding abundant blessings there.
They will surely see God’s incomparable beauty in that place.
61. Paradise and hell exist now with their inhabitants, eternal.
Hell has seven levels; its people burn perpetually in that fire of God.
62. Every good and evil comes from the presence of God.
The person worthy of goodness finds it constantly, as does the one worthy of evil.
63. The Prophet has given news of the signs of the Hour.
I believe in all of them; their time will be revealed by God.
64. He will release Gog and Magog with his beast.
It will appear from the west when that spirit of God descends.
65. Great disbelief does not expel a believer from faith.
Nor does it include him in disbelief, nor does it diminish obedience to God.
66. He does not disobey him; he is also eternal in hell.
Unless he believes in him, by God’s leave.
67. God does not forgive idolatry, but forgives every other sin from His servant, God.
68. When major sins are expiated with minor ones, it is permissible for God.
Those who go without repentance will pass beyond the major sins, God.
69. The Almighty accepts prayer through His grace.
And He fulfills the needs of His servants and decrees, the Compassionate God.
70. Islam and faith are one thing.
All that the Messenger brought from the presence of God is this.
71. I have affirmed with my tongue and confirmed with my heart.
I deny nothing; I believe without a doubt, by God.
72. The actions of religion are certainly separate from faith.
Therefore, faith does not increase or decrease; God preserves it.
73. I declare that, if God wills, I am a believer among believers, truly.
With this meaning, belief is acquired and created by God.
74. As for the knowledge of God’s own servant, given to him with the guidance of His presence, it is a gift from God.
75. Imitative faith has also become correct, but those who abandon rational inquiry are lost, God.
76. The miracles of the saints are true; they are the miracles of the prophets.
They cover great distances in a short time, the friends of God.
77. They find food and clothing at times of need.
Beasts and inanimate objects speak with them by God’s permission.
78. Sometimes they walk on water in ecstasy and spiritual states.
Sometimes they fly through the air; God alters their nature.
79. No saint reaches the rank of a prophet.
It is not for him to be released from the command and prohibition of God.
80. The most excellent of saints are Siddiq al-Akbar, then Faruq,
And after Zu’n-Nurayn, Ali is that friend of God.
81. These four are established in succession within this caliphate.
After these four are the most excellent friends of God.
82. The remaining ones are the companions; may all mention them with goodness.
I love all of the family and companions, purely for God.
83. The ten foretold (Ashar al-Mubashsharah) and Fatima, Hasan, Hussein,
These from this community will witness paradise, by God.
84. No one else hears of paradise except with their own eyes;
That is a judgment of the unseen; who can know the unseen but God?
85. After the companions, the followers have become the most excellent friends of God.
86. The Imam of Muslims, the Muslim Sultan, the free and responsible person must be from the Quraysh tribe, outwardly manifesting to execute God’s judgment.
87. A Hashimite being innocent is not a condition for being the most excellent;
He does not abandon wickedness and injustice by God's law.
88. Even if I pray following a sinner, I will also pray over his funeral, God.
89. It is permissible to perform ablution on the forehead during travel and in haste.
And dates and barley water that are not intoxicating are lawful, God.
90. Through our dedication, our dead find blessings;
And through the grace of places, people, and times, it is true, by God.
91. It is unknown whether the offspring of polytheists are in paradise or hell.
The Most Generous God has given recording angels to the disbelievers.
92. That which is not counted cannot be considered as such;
A created thing does not resemble the essence of God, the Exalted.
93. Error is permissible, and magic affects humans;
The knowledge of the prophets is superior to human reason, God.
94. The one who seeks judgment first looks at the evidence and makes a correct decision.
And then, when he sees the ruling, God forgives his error.
95. For God is One, defined, and the Quran and Sunnah are only
Whatever is possible in outward appearance is subject to it at all times.
96. The inner people’s claim from this outward form is toward meaning;
Equality and deficiency, rejection, and upholding of God's law.
97. Also, despairing of God’s mercy and being secure from His torment—all of this is disbelief, God.
98. Uttering a word of disbelief with an oath and confirming the words of a soothsayer
Is disbelief, but denying it again is repentance to God.
99. God has commanded thirty-two obligations to His servants.
I have affirmed what I considered obligatory in my language by the interpretation of God.
100. There are five conditions for Islam: tawhid (oneness), prayer, fasting,
Zakat (charity) and Hajj (pilgrimage) – He has ordained them as obligations to those who possess wealth, God.
101. Six things are obligatory that are outside the conditions of prayer.
And they are also six obligations of God.
102. The things outside of purity, covering of private parts, time, and knowing
Are ablution and intention, and facing the Kaaba, God.
103. Recitation, standing, and taking (takbir) in prayer are obligatory;
Ruku’ and the final sitting have two prostrations each, for God.
104. The obligation of wudu is to wash the face with both hands up to the elbows,
And to perform a wet touch on the head and feet, as commanded by God.
105. The obligations of ghusl are three: complete rinsing and istinja;
The third is washing all parts of the body, in repentance to God.
106. Tayammum must be performed instead of ablution and ghusl
If water is not found, or if power does not exist, this is God’s law.
107. The pillars of tayammum are two, its conditions are: intention,
Blessedness, purity, touch, and inability to perform the act of worship, God.
108. The obligation of fasting is to abstain from eating and drinking with an intention;
It is permissible at sunrise and sunset according to God’s command.
109. The obligations of Hajj are three: entering into ihram;
The second is standing at Arafat, visiting the Kaaba, God.
110. To believe in the sacredness of the Haram is to consider it sacred and avoid it;
To make lawful what is lawful; this is the entirety of Divine ordinances.
111 – Concerning the revered companions, the followers, and the jurists,
All those belonging to the community of orthodox belief (Ahl al-Sunna wa’l-Jama‘a) are servants of God.
112 – Within these one hundred fifteen verses lies the true understanding of God;
This is the rightful doctrine, may God establish it.
113 – If disbelief or sin should emanate from me, whether intentionally or by error,
I am absolved from its entirety by the grace of God.
114 – Likewise, if my actions and words contradict the Sharī‘ah,
I repent from them seeking nearness to God.
115 – Whatever Messenger of God has conveyed to us as commandments and rulings,
I accept it; I believe in God and His ordinances.
116 – My tongue affirms it, my heart confirms it sincerely;
May my faith be a trust under Your protection, O God.
My Lord is God, my Prophet is Muhammad (peace be upon him); this is my religion,
Islam; my book is the Word of God.
My creed adheres completely to the Ahl al-Sunna; by God, the school of Abu Hanifa is my school in practice.
I am from the progeny of Adam (peace be upon him), of Abraham’s community; moreover, my qibla is the Ka‘ba, the Sacred House.
In this world, there is neither an opposite nor a likeness to my Lord. He is free from form and image; He is holy, exalted – God.
He has no partner, free from begetting and being begotten; He is One, without equal, as it is mentioned in the Sūrat al-Ikhlās – God.
He is neither a body nor an essence, nor does He occupy space or possess substance. He does not eat, drink, or age; He is free from all of these – God.
Transformation, corruption, coloration, and shaping are far removed from Him; these are the negative attributes of God.
He is neither in the heavens nor on earth; neither to the right nor to the left; neither forward nor backward. He is free from all directions; God has no location.
He always exists, with no beginning and no end; His existence originates from Himself alone – God.
Before this world existed, He was One and Alone. All others are dependent on Him, while He is independent of them – God.
No created being can mingle with Him or be inherent in Him; nothing is incumbent upon Him. In all his affairs there is wisdom; God does not commit an objectionable act.
He is not inherent in anything, nor does He wrong anyone. It is not a duty for God, the Creator, that all His servants should be well.
No one can compel Him to do something by force; whatever He wills comes into being – by God.
All of His perfect attributes have manifested without change or alteration, and there are no perfections that await manifestation later.
He is always characterized by His essential attributes: knowledge, will, life, power, creation, sight, hearing, and speech – God.
He is the Knower; His knowledge surpasses the understanding of anyone. The knowledge of God encompasses all things.
He is the Wisher, the Desirer; He has power over everything. Whatever He desires comes to pass according to the will of God.
He wills, decrees, and creates both good and evil. Yet He loves goodness and God hates evil.
Truly, He is the Seer who gazes upon all things. But He is free from sight; seeing is one of the attributes of God.
He is the Hearer who hears all sounds, whether hidden or revealed. But He is free from ears; hearing is an attribute of God.
He is the Speaker, but free from tongue and mouth. The Word of God is not letters, words, or sounds; it is a quality of God.
His established attributes are: He is neither identical nor different. He existed before time, eternal with His essence – an attribute of God.
The angels are the noble servants of God, both on earth and in the heavens. God has elevated their lowest ranks above the lowest ranks of mankind.
They have no eating or drinking, no male or female. They do not disobey; they obey the commands of God.
Gabriel, Michael, Israfil, and Azrael – these four are close to the Prophet (peace be upon him), trusted by God.
God has sent one hundred and four books to the prophets. Four of them are books, and one hundred are pages – the Word of God.
He gave David the Psalms, Moses the Torah, and He brought the Gospel to Jesus through Gabriel – by God.
And I know that He sent down the Quran according to the need of the Prophet. It was completed in twenty-three years, and the revelation ceased.
Furthermore, I have knowledge concerning the prophets: innocence, purity from flaws, trustworthiness, truthfulness, and conveying God’s ordinances – by God.
All the prophets are free from betrayal, sin, misunderstanding, falsehood, concealment, and treachery. These bad traits have no connection with God's messengers.
Some consider it obligatory to know the names of the prophets. God has informed us of twenty-eight of their names in the Quran.
One is Adam, one is Idris, Noah, Hud, and Salih. And also Abraham, Isaac, and Ishmael – God’s sacrifice.
And also Jacob, Joseph, Shu'ayb, Lot, and Yahya. Zechariah, Moses, Aaron, the brother of the Prophet who spoke with God.
And David, Solomon, Elias, Job. One is Elyasa, and Jesus – the Spirit of God.
One is Zul-Qarnain, and one is Jonah (peace be upon them). And their last is Muhammad – the Beloved of God, the Messenger of God.
Uzair, Lokman, and Zul-Karnain; there is disagreement about these three. Some say they are prophets, while others say they are servants of God.
The first of all the prophets is Adam (peace be upon him). He is the most virtuous, and the last is Muhammad – the Messenger of God.
Many prophets came between the two. No one knows their number except God.
The death of a prophet does not invalidate his prophethood. The prophets are superior to all angels.
The rulings of our Prophet’s law are so eternal that in the Hereafter, God will judge mankind according to this law.
Our Prophet's ascension (Mi‘raj) is true and specific to him. He ascended to the Throne of Glory and beheld God – the Messenger of God.
43. The entire world, with all its aspects, components, and attributes; both the actions of servants, [including] good and evil—all are created by God.
44. God’s knowledge, will, creation, and decree bring about what is meant to be, for there is no creator or originator besides God in both worlds.
45. Servants have a possibility of choosing within their own actions; because of this freedom of choice, they will receive reward and punishment from God.
46. Beautiful deeds are created with the desire and love of God. There is no desire or love of God found in ugly acts.
47. Reward for the servant is God’s generosity; retribution is justice. Neither is obligatory nor necessary upon God, nor is it deserved by the servant.
48. The power that brings about a human action exists together with the act itself. If capability is present within the servant, he is obligated [to fulfill duties] according to God's rulings.
49. The Almighty God never commands a task beyond what a servant’s ability allows; He does not hold him accountable for it, the Most Merciful God.
50. That which is forbidden is also provision; everyone only consumes their own provision. No one can take and eat another's provision, by God.
51. The appointed death has died at its appointed time; death is singular. The faith of one who believes in his death [and dies] is not acceptable before God.
52. (In truth) there is no prime matter [essence]; it is a piece of philosophy within the minds of philosophers. For Sufis, it is far removed from the characteristic of being divisible.
53. In the grave, the two angels, Munkar and Nakir, question the deceased with four things: Who is your Lord? Who is your Prophet? What is your religion? Where is your Qibla?
54. The one who answers correctly will have his soul and body attain blessings therein. Deniers and rebels will be bewildered and afflicted by God’s punishment.
55. Everyone who comes to this world departs; no one remains behind. On the Day of Resurrection, God will resurrect all the dead.
56. Record books of deeds will be given on that day to everyone—to some in their right hand, to others in their left, by God’s leave.
57. There is a reckoning book for God on the Day of Judgment; everyone will be questioned about what they did and said, by God's command.
58. There are intercessions on that day for those who commit great sins and those who commit minor sins: The prophets, scholars, and God’s devoted servants intercede.
59. After deeds have been weighed, passing over the Bridge [Sirat] is a reality. God will give believers the River [Kawthar] and eight paradises.
60. When believers enter Paradise, they will find abundant blessings; they will even see God’s Essence without qualification.
61. Paradise and Hell exist now; they remain eternal with their inhabitants. Hell has seven levels; God perpetually burns those destined for Hell.
62. Every good and evil comes from God through divine decree. Good always finds the virtuous, and evil accompanies the wicked.
63. Regarding the signs of the Day of Resurrection that our Prophet has mentioned; I believe in all of them, and God will reveal them at their appointed time.
64. He will release Gog and Magog. The sun will rise from the west, and the soul of God [Jesus] will descend from the heavens.
65. A great sin does not take a believer out of faith; nor does it lead him to disbelief, nor invalidate his acts of worship before God.
66. He does not leave one who rebels in eternal Hell unless he believes falsehood as truth, by God.
67. God does not forgive associating partners with Him. As for what is less than that, He forgives the sin of whoever He wills among His servants.
68. It is possible to receive punishment for great sins and for minor sins. If one dies without repentance, it is possible for God to forgive the owner of a major sin.
69. The Almighty God accepts prayers through His generosity. God fulfills the needs of His servants with His mercy.
70. Faith and Islam are both one and the same thing. Whatever the Messenger brought from the Exalted One is that.
71. I affirm all of it with my tongue and confirm it in my heart. I have no doubt about any of them; I believe in them all, by God.
72. Because in religion, actions are separate from faith; they are external. Faith does not increase or decrease—may God protect us.
73. When I say “I will be a believer, if God wills,” know that I say "truly, I am a believer." It is in this meaning that faith is both the servant’s effort and God's creation.
74. The giving of the treasure of knowledge to His servant by God, with the meaning of guidance—that is a gift from God.
75. The faith of one who follows [an imitation] is accepted, but he who abandons rational proofs becomes sinful, by God.
76. The miracles of the saints are a reality; those of the prophets are miracles. Saints travel great distances in short times.
77. They find food and clothing at times of need. Animals and objects speak with them—by God’s permission.
78. At times, they walk on water through attraction [spiritual influence]; at times, they fly through the air, surpassing the customs of humanity.
79. No saint attains the degree of a prophet; nor does he reach the degree from which God's commands and prohibitions are lifted.
80. The most superior of the saints is Abu Bakr, then Omar, then Osman, then Ali—the saints.
81. They are in this order in caliphate as well. After them, the most superior of the saints.
82. These are the other revered companions; may all mention of them be for goodness. I love all the companions and their families, for God’s sake.
83. The ten foretold [Ashara-i Mubashshira]; Fatima, Hasan, and Hussein. These have been given glad tidings of Paradise from this nation—we are witnesses for God's sake.
84. For no one else can it be said with certainty that they are inhabitants of Paradise; because this belongs to the unseen, and only God knows the unseen.
85. After the revered companions, there has been a generation of virtuous followers—the Tabi’un—from this nation.
86. The ruler who is the Imam of Muslims should be free, accountable, from the tribe of Quraish, and pure. He must implement God's rulings.
87. It is not necessary that he be from the lineage of Hashim, or innocent and virtuous. A heretical caliph is not removed from office according to God’s law.
88. I will perform prayer behind a sinner as an Imam, and I will also perform the funeral prayer for them, God.
89. It is permissible to make ablution while traveling or residing; it is lawful to drink dates and grapes that do not intoxicate, by God.
90. Our deceased ones are blessed through our good deeds and prayers performed on their behalf. Virtuous places, individuals, and times are a reality for God's sake.
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