ÜÇÜNCÜ FASIL · Dördüncü Madde
Fourth Article
It describes the portion of the venous vessel arising from the liver, which ascends and its arms reaching the hands, and their benefits.
O esteemed one! Know that anatomists have said: The origin of the head's vein is the shoulder vein. From it emanate the initial branches, the head vein, which, when aligned with the arm, comprises the branches distributed from it to the outer parts and skin of the arm. Subsequently, as they approach the elbow joint, they divide into three portions: one is the venous vessel of the forearm (habl-i zira‘, vena cava antibrachi), extending upon the external surface of the thicker of the forearm bones. From there, it inclines outward and toward the fist portion of the lower forearm bone, dispersing along the outer surface of the wrist.
The second portion turns towards the outside of the said vein, directed toward the elbow, merging with a branch from the armpit, and from these two, a vessel called "uruk-i ekhel" is formed.
The third portion descends deeply and again merges with a branch from the armpit. The initial branches of the armpit penetrate deep into the arm’s depths, distributing among the muscles located there and disappearing within them. However, one branch has reached the humerus [136/a].
The armpit, as it approaches the elbow joint, divides into two portions. One portion descends deeply, going deeper than the head vein, attaching to the aforementioned branch for a distance, then proceeding with it for a while, and subsequently separating from it. One of these separated veins descends inward, reaching all fingers – little finger and ring finger – and even to the middle of the middle finger. The second emerges at the joint, dispersing into the parts of the hand that touch the bone.
The second portion of the armpit consists of four branches within the "said" [vein], one branch separating and distributing as far as the wrist, descending below the “said.” The second branch spreads in a similar manner above the first. The third branch, located in the middle of the “said,” similarly separates from the wrist to the arms. The fourth is the largest of these, being the most prominent vessel; one of its branches joins with a branch of the head vein, and from both, "ekhel" arises.
The remaining ones are basilic veins, which have descended even deeper.
The ekhel vein originates from the inner side, ascends to the upper knuckle, then proceeds outward, becoming two arms in the manner of the Greek letter Lambda. The upper arm descends toward the side of the upper knuckle and then directs itself towards the wrist. It disperses behind the thumb and between it and the index finger, and upon the index finger itself. The lower arm descends to the lower knuckle and divides into three branches: one branch reaches between the index finger and middle finger, joining with a branch from the upper branch that comes to the index finger, becoming one vein with it. The second branch, which is “eslem,” disperses between the middle finger and ring finger. The third branch directs itself toward the ring finger and little finger side; all of these are distributed to the finger joints.
From these, the fingers of the hands have been nourished and developed constantly through the power of Allah.
“We glorify Allah, the Wise, who created and fashioned humankind in the most beautiful manner. His glory is exalted.”