ÜÇÜNCÜ FEN · ÜÇÜNCÜ BÂB · İKİNCİ FASIL · İkinci Madde
Second Article
It explains the definitions, realities, effects, and benefits of delegation (tafwīz) and submission (taslīm).
O esteemed one! Know that the friends of Allah have said: Delegation is to refrain from making any choice regarding worldly matters and surrendering to the preference of your Lord.
Delegation is freedom from objection and overlooking the faults of people. Submission occurs after the realization of what Allah has decreed through fate (qadar), while delegation precedes it. Delegation is entrusting the unknown to its originator, and this is the beginning of acceptance. Delegation is abandoning measures and choice and waiting for fate to unfold. Delegation is abandoning one’s desires and awaiting Allah's decree. It is submission and acceptance of whatever comes from God at every moment. Delegation is abandoning measure and adherence to desires (hewa) and seeking refuge in Allah in all matters.
The person of delegation (mufa vv iz) is he who has despaired of his own self and sought refuge in Allah in every situation. The person of delegation is he who is distant from his own power and strength and knows judgment only from Allah. He considers everyone as helpless as himself, leaves every matter to his Lord’s measure. The person of delegation finds tranquility in his heart and is freed from the distresses of lawsuits. Delegation is submission in the body, peace in the soul, and acceptance in the heart. Delegation is turning away from people in poverty and abundance and turning towards Allah.
There are three signs of delegation. The first is to surrender measure to decree and find tranquility. The second is to abandon will and choice and leave them to Allah’s measure, being free from expectation. The third is to submit to fate at every moment.
The truth is that when fate occurs, measure is futile, and the realization of fate overrides measure.
Matters are by decree, not by measure. Since your desire will not be fulfilled, desire what exists. For desire does not come to pass. Therefore, whatever you are, say it then. Because no decreed judgment (kazā-yı mübrem) that is fixed and immutable can be averted, nor is there benefit in trying to avoid it.
All affairs conform to the will of God.
Abandon your desire and make room for tranquility in your heart.
It is true that all matters are in accordance with Allah’s will. Abandon your desire and find peace in your heart.
Delegation is the fruit of Allah enabling His servant (tawfiq) and bestowing favors; it is a cause of ease and safety. Whoever entrusts his affairs to Allah finds happiness in both worlds. The verse says: “Allah has removed sorrow from me.” (Fātir 35/34). Its meaning is, "Allah has freed us from sorrow, which is measure and choice." For the characteristics of those who enter Paradise are that they did not prioritize measures in this world, but rather took precautions against the evils of the self and the measures of reason. Because nearness to Allah and observation (mushahada) frees them from such burdens. And because they are freed from this burden, they praise and glorify Allah Most High. Whoever entrusts his affairs to Allah enters the garden of gnosis even while still in this world.
Poem:
"I have delegated all my affairs to the Beloved,
If He wills, He will revive me, if He wills, He will destroy me."
Submission is submission to Allah (inkiyad). Submission is acceptance of fate, patience with trials, gratitude for blessings. Submission is drinking the potion of affliction without groaning and without pleading or begging. Submission is seeing hardship (mihnet) and ease, sickness and sorrow, ascent and descent—that is, every kind of state—as equal.
Submission is like a millstone when troubles begin to come one after another. Submission occurs in two ways: One is compulsory (izdirarī), the other is based on consciously preferring that state (ikhtiyārī).
Compulsory submission is when a person knows that he cannot oppose fate. It is submitting to what befalls him out of helplessness and necessity.
Voluntary submission is when one surely knows that the Lord of all the worlds, Allah, is the true owner of dominion. When commanded to submit to the One to whom dominion belongs, he chooses Him willingly and from the heart and submits to His Lord. As one who entrusts a task to its owner is freed from its troubles and remains safe, so too whoever realizes that Allah is the Creator and Owner of all things surely knows that the Builder of the building knows better than the building itself (or those dwelling within) about the condition of the building. The Owner is more merciful to His property than anyone else. Therefore, He puts his trust in Him and entrusts all matters only to Him. Through submission, one reaches the station of acceptance.
Tranquility and ease are found in delegation (tafwīz), and safety in submission. Allah’s actions are always beneficial, and those who submit to them attain salvation. There is safety in submission, but regret in measure. Whoever abandons measure and obstinacy and inclines towards submission and submits to Allah (inkiyad) attains the station of ascetics and achieves the goal that everyone seeks.
The greatest veil between the heart and its Turner (Mukallib) is preoccupation with the self’s measures and trusting and relying on servants who are incapable. A perfect person was asked, "How are you?" and he replied:
"I am a captive in the hand of a mighty sovereign whose will I do not know.”
A life lived with longing for past deeds and anxiety about arranging future affairs diminishes the blessing of the present state. Those who submit to Allah’s decrees and are pleased with His fate attain complete submission in truth. Submission is Paradise, objection is Hell. Submission is friendship, measure is affliction. It is incumbent upon a servant to submit to his Lord; it is the glory of a Muslim to surrender.
Poem:
1- Abandoning thought is submission to our Creator.
Okay, here's the translation of the provided text, aiming for faithfulness and preserving meaning within a classical Islamic/Sufi context. I will not include any introductory or explanatory notes; just the translated text itself.
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When understanding dawns upon your heart,
You abandon all worldly pursuits.
For contemplation is acquisition, yet you,
Become utterly selfless in giving.
Surrender to Truth and be filled with grace,
Why should you cling to selfhood and pride?
Proceed, safeguard the order of madness—
For you will grow weary of every ordered thing.
Go forth to that place where you once existed;
Enough of wandering in desolation.
Come, like the auspicious Phoenix, to Mount Qaf!
Why befriend every ill-omened owl?
Come, O seeker of Truth, to the house of the heart—
There, may you find fragrance and blissful intoxication.