SECTION ON ZAKAT · 44 – A WOMAN GIVING CHARITY FROM HER HUSBAND'S WEALTH
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) related:
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings upon him) said: “If a woman gives charity from her husband’s property without exceeding the limit, then the reward for giving charity is given to that woman, and the reward for earning it is given to her husband. And the one who acts as its guardian also receives that much reward. But none of them prevents the other from attaining their reward.”
EXPLANATION:
If a woman gives something – such as food or clothing – from her home, which she is entrusted with, taking permission from her husband in advance to give it as charity, then both of them attain reward, for he earned it and she gave it.
Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings upon him) took the oath of allegiance from women. A stout woman, resembling the women of the tribe of Mudar, stood up and said: “O Prophet of Allah! We are a burden upon our fathers and our sons.” Abu Dawud says, "I think in the hadith there is also an addition: 'and our husbands.'" She asked, "What portion is permissible for us from their wealth?" The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings upon him) said: “You may eat and give as gifts from perishable fruits and watery foods.” Abu Dawud says: By ‘perishable things’ are meant bread, vegetables, and fresh dates.
Hammam bin Munabbih, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated: I heard Abu Hurairah say:
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “If a woman spends from her husband’s wealth without his permission, she is rewarded half the reward given to her husband.” [502]
Atā transmits from Abū Hurayrah who said, regarding a woman giving charity from her husband's property: She cannot give charity therefrom. However, she may give from what suffices her daily sustenance. The reward is shared between him and her. It is not permissible for a woman to give charity from her husband’s property without his permission. If she gives with his permission, it is an exception.
Abū Dāwūd says: This narration weakens hadith number 1687 of Hammām.