JIHAD SECTION · 157 – Increasing Booty Given to the Expeditionary Force Sent from Within the Army
Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent us out as a raiding party (seriyya) towards Najd. When the seriyya separated from the army, the share of each person in the seriyya was twelve camels. The share of the army was twelve camels. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, gave each member of the seriyya an additional camel. Thus, the shares of those in the seriyya became thirteen camels apiece.
Velid ibn Muslim said: I related this hadith to Ibn al-Mubarak. And he reported it to us in the same manner, Ibn Abi Firwa from Nafi’, saying. Then Ibn al-Mubarak said: The Shayb and Abi Firwa you mention cannot be equal to Malik. Ibn al-Mubarak said something like this. By “Malik,” he meant Malik ibn Anas.
Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a raiding party towards Najd, and I accompanied them. Then we acquired many camels as spoils of war. Our commander distributed one camel to each soldier. Afterwards, we came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he divided the spoils amongst us. After one-fifth was taken out, twelve camels fell to each of us. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not reckon what our commander had given us, nor did he reproach him for it. Thus, each of us received thirteen camels, including the extra one.
According to the narration of Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) dispatched a raiding party towards Najd.
Abdullah bin Umar was among them. They obtained much spoils of war (booty). Their shares were twelve camels each, and they received one additional camel as a gift (superfluity).
The narrator Ibn al-Mawhib added: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not alter this distribution.
According to the narration of Abdullah ibn Umar:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent us on an expedition. Our shares reached twelve camels. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave us one additional camel each as a gift (nafla).
Abu Dawud said: Burd bin Sinan narrated something similar from Nafi’ regarding the hadith of Ubaydullah. Ayyub also narrated something similar from Nafi’, but he stated that they were given an extra camel, without mentioning the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. [497]
According to the narration of Abdullah ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with him:
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, would grant some individuals in his raiding expeditions an extra share (nefela) beyond their regular share from the general spoils.
(Ibn Umar said:) However, it is necessary to extract the hums (one-fifth) before distributing both the spoils and the nefela.
EXPLANATION:
According to this hadith, one-fifth of the entire booty is set aside for the command of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. Then, shares are given to those deserving of reward from what remains, and afterwards it is distributed among the army.
It is narrated from Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) that:
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings upon him) set out with three hundred and fifteen companions on the day of Badr.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings upon him) said, “O Allah! They are few, increase their numbers. They are naked, clothe them. O Allah! They are hungry, sate them.” Allah granted him victory on the day of Badr.
When they returned, each person among them returned with only one or two camels, clothed and with full bellies.