SECTION 36 – THE SITUATION OF SOMEONE ENTERING INTO MARRIAGE WITHOUT PAYING THE BRIDE'S DOWRY
According to a narration from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, that 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, said: When 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, married Fatima, may Allah be pleased with her, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, commanded 'Ali, "Give something to Fatima." 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, replied, “I have nothing to give her beside me.” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Where is the armor made in Hutama? (Give it to her).”
Muḥammad ibn ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Sawban, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated on the authority of a man from the companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, that ‘Alī, may Allah be pleased with him, said: When ‘Alī, may Allah be pleased with him, married the daughter of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, Fatimah, he wished to consummate the marriage. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade him from consummating it until he gave something as dowry to Fatimah. ‘Alī, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “O Messenger of Allah, I possess nothing.” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, commanded, "Give her your armour." So ‘Alī, may Allah be pleased with him, gave his armour to Fatimah, and then he consummated the marriage.
It was related in a manner identical to the preceding narration from Ibn 'Abbas.
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) related:
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings upon him) ordered me to admit a woman to her husband for consummation without the husband giving her the dower.
Abu Dawud says: Hayyami has not heard hadith from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her).
Amr bin Shu'ayb has narrated from his father, and he from his grandfather, that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Any woman whose marriage is contracted with a dower or an additional sum given to her or to her father, or with something promised to be paid, then all of it belongs to the woman. What is said after the marriage contract belongs to whom it was promised. The best means of generosity towards a man is through his daughter or sister."
**Note:** The explanatory notes regarding differing legal opinions (Malik, Ahmed, Shafi'i, Abu Hanifa) are not part of the hadith itself and have been omitted from this translation.