ZAKĀT SECTION · 11 – THE ZAKĀT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
1596 – According to what has been narrated from Sālim ibn ʿAbd Allāh (may Allah be pleased with him), who narrated from his father: the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “On crops watered by rain, rivers, or springs, or that draw water from the ground without irrigation, there is the full ʿushr (one-tenth zakāt). On crops irrigated by camels or by bucket, there is half of the ʿushr (one-twentieth zakāt).” [454]
1597 – It is narrated from Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh (may Allah be pleased with him): the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “On crops irrigated by rivers and springs, there is the full ʿushr. On crops irrigated by camels, there is half of the ʿushr.” [455]
EXPLANATION
If slaves and horses are kept for trade, they are subject to zakāt (alms-tax) by consensus. If they are not for trade, according to Imām Aʿzam (Abū Ḥanīfa): for every mare, one dīnār of zakāt is given, or their value is appraised and zakāt is given at the rate of one dīnār for every forty dīnārs. A slave not kept for service is also subject to zakāt. According to Imām al-Shāfiʿī, Mālik, Abū Yūsuf, and Muḥammad, horses and slaves are not subject to zakāt. Their evidence is this and the following hadiths. Baʿl: A place where the roots draw water from the earth and which does not require irrigation, such as certain date palms. Nazh: To sprinkle; a stream from which water is drawn; to irrigate with a bucket. It can also mean a woman's husband. Sawānī: Plural of sāniya; a camel used to draw water.
1598 – Wakīʿ says: Baʿl is a type of grass that grows from rainwater. Yaḥyā ibn Ādam says: I asked Abā Iyās al-Asadī, "What is baʿl?" He said, "It is that which is irrigated by rainwater." Naḍr ibn Shumayl says: "Baʿl is rainwater."
1599 – It is narrated from Muʿādh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Muʿādh to Yemen. He said to him: “You will take as zakāt from grain, grain; from sheep, sheep; from camels, camels; and from cattle, cattle.” Abū Dāwūd relates: In Egypt, I measured a cucumber; it was thirteen handspans long, and I saw a citron tree. It had been split in two and loaded as two packs on a camel. [456]
EXPLANATION
Qiṣṣa: Cucumber. Itruja: Citron tree. This hadith is also narrated by Ibn Mājah. In this hadith, the original ruling has been departed from, because it is stated that a camel is taken from camels. However, in practice, one sheep is taken from five camels. It is better to give the zakāt of each property from the same kind as the obligatory one. However, it is also permissible to give its value.