Abū Dāwūd narrates from two men of the Banū Bakr tribe who said:
"We saw the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) delivering a sermon in the middle of the days of tashrīq (the days following the ‘Īd al-Aḍḥā). We were beside his mount. This sermon was the one he delivered at Minā."
Abū Dāwūd also narrates from Rabīʿa b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Ḥusayn who said:
"My grandmother, Sarrāʾ bint Nabhān, who was the caretaker of our house in the time of jāhiliyya (the pre-Islamic period), said:
- The Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon to us on the day of ruʾūs. During the sermon, he asked us:
- What day is this?
- We said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said:
- Is this not the middle day of the days of tashrīq?"
Imām Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal narrates from Abū Hurra al-Raqqāshī, from his uncle, who said:
"On the middle day of the days of tashrīq, I was holding the reins of the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him)'s camel, trying to keep people away from him.
At that moment, the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) asked:
- O people! Do you know in what month, on what day, and in what land you are?
- They said, 'We know we are in a sacred day, in a sacred month, and in a sacred land.'
- He said, 'Indeed, your blood, your wealth, and your honor are sacred to you, just as the sanctity of this day of yours, this month of yours, and this land of yours. This inviolability will remain until the day you meet your Lord. Now listen to what I say so that you may live by it. Beware, do not wrong anyone. Beware, do not wrong, beware, do not wrong. For no Muslim's property is lawful (to another) except by his own willing consent. Know that every blood, every wealth, every retaliation from jāhiliyya is abolished and is under my feet. These are annulled until the Day of Resurrection. The first blood claim I abolish is that of the son of Rabīʿa b. Ḥārith b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib. He was nursing among the Banū Saʿd tribe, and the Huzayl tribe killed him. Know that every usury from jāhiliyya is abolished. Allah has decreed that the first usury to be abolished is that of ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib. Your capital is yours, but your usurious claims are annulled. You shall not wrong nor be wronged.
Know that time has returned to its original state as it was on the day Allah created the heavens and the earth.
After saying this, the Messenger of God recited the following noble verse: "Indeed, the number of months with Allah is twelve [lunar] months in the register of Allah from the day He created the heavens and the earth; of these, four are sacred. That is the correct religion, so do not wrong yourselves during them." (al-Tawba 9:36)
Beware, do not turn back after me as disbelievers striking the necks of one another. Know that Satan has despaired of being worshipped by those who pray, but he will sow discord among you.
Beware of disobeying Allah's commands regarding women. For they are like captives with you and possess nothing for themselves. They have rights over you, and you have rights over them. Beware, do not allow anyone other than yourselves into their beds. Do not permit anyone you dislike to enter your homes. If you fear their insubordination, admonish them, separate them from your beds, and strike them in a way that is not harmful. Provide for their clothing and food in a manner that is customary. You have taken them as a trust from Allah, and their private parts have been made lawful to you by Allah's word. Beware, whoever has a trust in his possession, let him return it to its owner.
After saying this, the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his hands and said:
- Have I conveyed (the message)? Have I conveyed (the message)? Then he continued: Let those present convey my words to those who are absent. For many to whom the message is conveyed may understand it better than some of those who hear it directly."
Ḥumayd narrates that during the delivery of this ḥadīth, Ḥasan said: "By Allah, they conveyed these words to some peoples who, through these words, became happier."
Ḥāfiẓ Abū Bakr al-Bazzār narrates from ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUmar who said:
"During the Farewell Pilgrimage, on the middle day of the days of tashrīq, Sūrat al-Naṣr was revealed to the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) at Minā. He understood from this that it was a farewell. He ordered that his mount, named Qaṣwāʾ, be brought. When it was prepared and brought, he mounted it and appeared before the people at ʿAqaba. As many Muslims as Allah willed gathered before him. After praising and glorifying Allah as He deserves, he said:
"O people! Every blood claim from the time of jāhiliyya is abolished.
The first blood claim I abolish is that of Ibn Rabīʿa b. Ḥārith. He had nursed among the Banū Lays tribe, and Huzayl killed him.
Every usury from jāhiliyya is abolished. The first usury I abolish is that of ʿAbbās, son of ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib.
O people! Indeed, time has returned to its original state as it was on the day Allah created the heavens and the earth. With Allah, the number of months is twelve. Of these, four are sacred months. These sacred months are: the Rajab of Muḍar, which is between Jumādā al-Ākhira and Shaʿbān. As for the other three sacred months, they are Dhū al-Qaʿda, Dhū al-Ḥijja, and Muḥarram. "That is the correct religion, so do not wrong yourselves during them. And fight collectively against the polytheists as they fight collectively against you. And know that Allah is with those who are God-conscious."
Postponing the sacred months to mislead is indeed an excess in kufr (disbelief). The disbelievers make it lawful one year and unlawful another year, in order to correspond to the number of months Allah has made sacred, thus making lawful what Allah has made unlawful." (al-Tawba 9:36-37)
They would make the month of Ṣafar lawful one year and make Muḥarram unlawful, and another year make Ṣafar unlawful and Muḥarram lawful. This was the postponement.
O people! Whoever has a trust in his possession, let him return it to its owner. O people! Satan has despaired of being worshipped in your lands until the end of time. But he is content that you commit evil deeds which you deem insignificant. Beware of committing such minor evil deeds in your religion.
O people! Women are captives with you. You have taken them as a trust from Allah. By Allah's word, their private parts have been made lawful to you. Just as you have rights over them, they have rights over you. Among your rights over them is that they do not allow anyone other than you into your beds and do not disobey you in lawful matters. If they uphold their rights, you have no cause against them. And among their rights over you is that you provide for their food and clothing in a customary manner. If you strike them, do not do so in a way that causes harm. It is not lawful for anyone to take the property of his Muslim brother except with his willing consent.
O people! I have left among you something which, if you hold fast to it, you will never go astray: the Book of Allah. Act according to it.
- O people! What day is this?
- This is a sacred day.
- What land is this?
- This is a sacred land.
- What month is this?
- This is a sacred month.
- Indeed, Allah has made your blood, your wealth, and your honor sacred to you, just as the sanctity of this day, this land, and this month. These are inviolable. Let those present convey these words to those who are absent. After me, there will be no prophet, and after you, there will be no community (ummah).
After saying this, the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his hands and said:
- O Allah, bear witness."