Islamic History · July 1, 2026

The Lineage of Arab Tribes in the Hijaz Tracing Back to Adnan

Adnan had two sons named Maʿadd and Akk. According to Suhaylī, Adnan also had two other sons named Ḥāris and Muzahhib. It is said that among his sons there was also one named Daḥḥāk. Some say that Daḥḥāk was not the son …

Adnan had two sons named Maʿadd and Akk. According to Suhaylī, Adnan also had two other sons named Ḥāris and Muzahhib. It is said that among his sons there was also one named Daḥḥāk. Some say that Daḥḥāk was not the son of Adnan, but rather the son of Maʿadd. According to what al-Ṭabarī narrates, it is also said that Aden, after whom the city of Aden is named, and Abya were sons of Adnan.

Akk settled in Yemen, the land of the Ashʿarīs, and married a woman from among them. He spoke their language. According to some Yemenis, Akk was one of them. When discussing his lineage, they say: Akk b. Adnan b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Azd b. Yaghūth. Some have also said that he was ʿĀʾid b. Adnan b. al-Zayb b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Asad. In this genealogy, some replace Zayb with Rays. The correct view, as we have explained, is that the Ashʿarīs are Adnanites. ʿAbbās b. Mirdās said:

"The Akkites, sons of Adnan, wished to contend with the Ghassānids.

Eventually, they were driven out to various lands."

Maʿadd had four sons: Nizār, Kudāʿa, Qanās, and Iyād. His first son was Kudāʿa. Because he was known by his son’s name, he was called Abū Kudāʿa. We have previously discussed the differing views regarding Kudāʿa. Nevertheless, according to Ibn Isḥāq and others, this is the correct view. Of course, Allah knows best what is correct.

All the descendants of Qanās have died out, and his line has become extinct, leaving only Kisrā’s governor in al-Ḥīra, Nuʿmān b. al-Mundhir. According to a group of early scholars, Nuʿmān was from the lineage of Qanās. As previously mentioned, some have said that Nuʿmān was from the Ḥimyarites. Allah knows best.

Nizār had three children: Rabīʿa, Muḍar, and Anmār. According to Ibn Hishām, Nizār also had a son named Iyād. As the poet said:

"I saw handsome young men, from the descendants of Iyād b. Nizār b. Maʿadd."

Iyād and Muḍar were full brothers. Their mother was Shawda bint Akk b. Adnan. The mother of Rabīʿa and Anmār was Shuqayqa bint Akk b. Adnan. Some say it was Jumʿa bint Akk b. Adnan.

Ibn Isḥāq said: "Anmār is the ancestor of the Ḥasʿam and Bajīla tribes. Bajāla is the tribe of Jarīr b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Bajalī. This is one of the Yemeni tribes. According to Ibn Hishām, the Yemenis relate the genealogy of Anmār as follows: Anmār b. Irāsh b. Lihyān b. ʿAmr b. Ghawth b. Nabit b. Mālik b. Zayd b. Kahlan b. Sabaʾ."

The hadith we have transmitted when discussing Sabaʾ also confirms this. Allah knows best. It is related that the first man to make camels walk in rhythm and harmony with his poetry was Muḍar. He had a beautiful voice. One day, while riding his camel, he fell and injured his hand, and began to moan, "Oh my hand, oh my hand..." His camel matched its pace to his poetic lament and began to walk in measured steps.

According to Ibn Isḥāq, Muḍar b. Nizār had two sons named Ilyās and Aylān; Ilyās had three sons: Mudrika, Ṭabīkha, and Qamʿa. Their mother was Hindāf bint ʿImrān b. al-Ḥāf b. Kudāʿa. Mudrika’s real name was ʿĀmir, and Ṭabīkha’s real name was ʿAmr. One day, while roasting a hunted animal, their camels ran away; ʿĀmir chased after the camel and eventually caught it, while the other remained to continue roasting the game. When they returned to their father, they told him what had happened. Their father said to ʿĀmir: "You are Mudrika (the one who catches up)," and to ʿAmr: "You are Ṭabīkha (the one who cooks)." As for Qamʿa, according to scholars who discuss the lineage of the Muḍarites, the Khuzāʿa, the sons of ʿAmr b. Luḥayy b. Qamʿa b. Ilyās, are from his line. In my opinion, Khuzāʿa is not their ancestor, but merely one of them. As I have previously stated, they are from the Ḥimyarites. Allah knows best.

Ibn Isḥāq said: "Mudrika and his wife from the Kudāʿa had two children: Khuzaima and Huzayl. Khuzaima had children named Kināna, Asad, Asada, and Hun. Kināna had children named Naḍr, Mālik, ʿAbdu Manāṭ, and Milkān. Abū Jaʿfar al-Ṭabarī adds the following names to the aforementioned children of Kināna: ʿĀmir, Ḥāris, Nāḍir, Ghanam, Saʿd, ʿAwf, Jarūla, Jaral, and Ghazwān."