Islamic History · July 1, 2026

Irāqī Muḥammad b. Irāqī

Rukn al-Dīn Abū al-Faḍl al-Kāzvīnī. Originally from Kāzvin. Later he settled in Hamadān. He became famous under the name Tawūsī. He reached high levels in the science of munāẓara (dialectical disputation) and jadal …

Rukn al-Dīn Abū al-Faḍl al-Kāzvīnī. Originally from Kāzvin. Later he settled in Hamadān. He became famous under the name Tawūsī. He reached high levels in the science of munāẓara (dialectical disputation) and jadal (argumentation). He learned this science from Radiyy al-Dīn Nisābūrī al-Ḥanafī. He composed three talʿīq (annotations) on this subject; Ibn Ḥallikān said: The best of these talʿīq is the middle one. People used to come from Hamadān to visit him. One of the ḥājibs (chamberlains) had the Ḥājibiyya madrasa built for him. According to one report, Irāqī Muḥammad is descended from Ṭābiʿīn (the generation following the Companions) through Ṭāwūs b. Kaysān. The truth of this, only Allah knows.