al-Faḍl is interpreted in seven senses:
1. By al-faḍl, Islam is meant; as in the following verses:
Say, "Indeed, faḍl (that is, Islam) is in the hand of Allah; He gives it to whom He wills." (Āl ʿImrān 3:73)
That is the faḍl of Allah (that is, Islam); He gives it to whom He wills. (al-Jumuʿa 62:4)
Say, "In the faḍl of Allah and in His mercy – in that let them rejoice." (Yūnus 10:58)
And many similar examples.
2. By al-faḍl, prophethood is meant; as in the following verses:
The faḍl of Allah upon you (that is, Allah granting you prophethood and the Book) is great. (al-Nisāʾ 4:113)
Except as a mercy from your Lord. Indeed, His faḍl upon you (that is, Allah granting you prophethood and the Book) is great. (al-Isrāʾ 17:87)
3. By al-faḍl, provision in Paradise is meant; as in the following verse:
They rejoice in a blessing from Allah and a faḍl (that is, provision in Paradise)... (Āl ʿImrān 3:171)
4. By al-faḍl, provision is meant; as in the following verses:
And when the prayer has been concluded, disperse within the land and seek from the faḍl of Allah (that is, provision through trade). (al-Jumuʿa 62:10)
He knows that others will travel throughout the land seeking from the faḍl of Allah (that is, provision through trade). (al-Muzzammil 73:20)
But if a faḍl from Allah (that is, provision from spoils) comes to you... (al-Nisāʾ 4:73)
There are many similar statements.
5. By the word al-faḍl, what replaces what has been given away is meant; as in the following verse:
But Allah promises you forgiveness from Himself and a faḍl (that is, wealth to replace your charity). (al-Baqara 2:268)
6. By al-faḍl, reminding of favor or grace is meant; as in the following verses:
If it had not been for the faḍl of Allah and His mercy upon you (that is, Allah's favor and blessing upon you), you would have followed Satan, except for a few of you. (al-Nisāʾ 4:83)
If it had not been for the faḍl and mercy of Allah upon you (that is, His favor and blessing upon you)... (al-Nūr 24:10, 14, 20, 21)
There are many similar statements.
7. By al-faḍl, Paradise is meant; as in the following verse:
Give good tidings to the believers that they will have from Allah a great faḍl (that is, Paradise). (al-Aḥzāb 33:47)