It is a feeling belonging to the nafs (the lower self) that governs the forces of shahwa (desire), and is regulated by the intellect and ʿadl wa-l-ḥaqq al-makhlūq bih (justice and the right due to creation).
According to the sharia (the sacred law), it is either activated or restrained. Shajāʿa (courage) is the submission of the force of ghaḍab (anger) to the intellect, whether in its activation or restraint. ʿIffat (chastity) is the disciplining of the force of shahwa (desire) in accordance with intellect and sharia. (see also)
From the moderation (balance) of these four akhlāq (moral traits) arises the entirety of good character. From the moderation of the force of intellect come good thinking, sound judgment, correct planning, and understanding the subtleties of things; from its excess, trickery, deception, sophistry (demagogy); from its deficiency, foolishness, dullness, and weakness of intellect arise.
From the moderation of shajāʿa (courage) arise hayba (awe), endurance, generosity, bravery, courage, forbearance, steadfastness, and dignity; from its deficiency, baseness, humiliation, stinginess, and frivolity arise.
From the moderation of ʿiffat (chastity) arise generosity, modesty, sabr (patient endurance), contentment, waraʿ (scrupulousness), tolerance, and grace; from its excess, greed, violence, wickedness, shamelessness, wastefulness, mockery, envy, and such bad traits as weakness arise. (Ravza, 445)