Sufi Classics · July 8, 2026

gurba (Sufism Glossary)

Gurba (estrangement) is to leave one's homeland in order to reach the goal. It has been said that gurba deriving from ḥāl (spiritual state) means to truly penetrate into that ḥāl. Gurba deriving from the Real (al-Ḥaqq, …

Gurba (estrangement) is to leave one's homeland in order to reach the goal. It has been said that gurba deriving from ḥāl (spiritual state) means to truly penetrate into that ḥāl. Gurba deriving from the Real (al-Ḥaqq, i.e., God) is a kind of gurba of the type of dehşet (dread) that distances one from maʿrifa (gnosis, experiential knowledge of God). (Istılâh, 536)

A group intends by gurba the act of leaving one's homeland to reach the goal, and they define it as such. They use this word in the sense of leaving one's current state and migrating. Leaving one's current state and migrating is for the purpose of truly penetrating into that state. Gurba deriving from the Real, however, is distancing oneself from maʿrifa.

Their gurba, which occurs by leaving their homelands, is due to their reliance on familiar things. This causes them to fall away from the goals they seek through tawba (repentance). Since they are not among those who know things by the face of the Real (i.e., from the perspective of God), in that ḥāl (spiritual state)...