The ism-i aʿẓam (the Greatest Name) is the name that encompasses all (divine) names. The Name of the Essence (Zāt), which is described by all attributes, that is, the name Allah is also said to be the ism-i aʿẓam because it is named by all names. For this reason, this name is called the Divine Presence (Ilāhī Ḥaḍrat). In terms of His being Who He is, all names, in a sense, indicate the Presence of the Essence (Ḥaḍrat al-Zāt) (the name Allah, in terms of Essence, encompasses all divine names). According to us, the ism-i aʿẓam is present together with only one of the names, and all of these, in terms of His being Who He is, are, in the absolute (muṭlaq) sense, the Name of the Divine Essence. Just as in the verse, "The most beautiful names belong to Him" (al-Aʿrāf 7:180), with all the names, or as in the verse, "Allah is Forgiving and Merciful" (with some of the names), or as in the verse, "Say: He is Allah, Ahad (One)" (al-Ikhlāṣ 112:1), with one of the names. (Kāshānī, 29; Jāmiʿ, 76)
ism-i aʿẓam (Sufi Terminology)
The ism-i aʿẓam (the Greatest Name) is the name that encompasses all (divine) names. The Name of the Essence (Zāt), which is described by all attributes, that is, the name Allah is also said to be the ism-i aʿẓam because …