To practice mudārāt (courteous forbearance) with family, children, neighbors, friends, and all people is among the virtues of the Sufis. By enduring harm, the essence of the nafs (the lower self) is revealed. Indeed, it has been said: "Everything has an essence (jawhar); the essence of the human being is the intellect, and the essence of the intellect is sabr (patient endurance)."
Mudārāt is to endure the harm that may come from your brother, taking this into account, because you desire and hope for his righteousness. Mudāhana, on the other hand, is the pursuit of desire intended for the sake of obtaining some pleasure or fame.
