It is the witnessing (mushāhada) of causes. Severity (shiddet) necessarily requires something other than Him. This is something that no one can deny. For to witness the things that cause pain, especially in the matter of this torment, is greater—particularly when, in the ḥāl (spiritual state), one knows that the cause bringing about the pain can be removed—than what is experienced by one who feels the pain but cannot see its cause. (Futūḥāt, II, 215)
due to its occurrence (Sufism Glossary)
It is the witnessing (mushāhada) of causes. Severity (shiddet) necessarily requires something other than Him. This is something that no one can deny. For to witness the things that cause pain, especially in the matter of …