Refref-i Aʿlā

Refref-i Aʿlā consists of the divine existents arising from the divine station and the essential acts that are intrinsic to divinity itself. This is not a single kind, but rather, there are many kinds. However, each of these kinds is called Refref-i Aʿlā. Every refref, even if their requirements differ, consists of the divine station. In terms of their essential existence, they are the very breadth of station itself, and there is no difference among them. The only distinction arises in the requirements of the Names and Attributes. These, in turn, are the Divine Essences (Zātiyyāt) of the Real (al-Ḥaqq). There is no superiority among them. For example, there can be no superiority between Kibriyā (Majesty) and ʿIzzah (Might). For refref consists of each of these. Therefore, just as it cannot be said that ʿIzzah is superior to Kibriyā, so too it cannot be said that Kibriyā is superior to ʿIzzah. The essential ʿazama (majesty) is also like this. All such examples are nothing but the requirements of the Divine Supreme station related to the Essence (al-Dhāt) itself. (Insān, II, 2)