Saʿādat al-nafs (the happiness of the nafs [the lower self]) and its kamāl (perfection) consist in being imprinted with divine realities until they become one with them. This is only possible by purifying the nafs from base habits that arise from shahwa (carnal desire) and anger. The way to achieve this is through saʿādat al-ukhrawiyya (otherworldly happiness), which is attained by striving (mujāhada) and by action (ʿamal). Action is for the sake of purification. Purification is a condition for this perfection. For this reason, the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “Religion is founded upon purification” (Acluni, I, 341). (Mizān, 33)
Saʿādat al-nafs (the happiness of the nafs)
Saʿādat al-nafs (the happiness of the nafs [the lower self]) and its kamāl (perfection) consist in being imprinted with divine realities until they become one with them. This is only possible by purifying the nafs from …