It has been said: Just as the attribute of obedience is the secret of the ṣifāt-i ẓāhir (attributes pertaining to the outward), ecstasy (wajd) is the secret of the ṣifāt-i bāṭin (attributes pertaining to the inward). The ṣifāt-i ẓāhir are movement and stillness, while the ṣifāt-i bāṭin are ḥāl (spiritual states) and akhlaq (moral character). (Ādāb, 66; ʿAwārif, 112)
ṣifāt-i ẓāhir – ṣifāt-i bāṭin
It has been said: Just as the attribute of obedience is the secret of the ṣifāt-i ẓāhir (attributes pertaining to the outward), ecstasy (wajd) is the secret of the ṣifāt-i bāṭin (attributes pertaining to the inward). The …